A plant growth promoter, also known as a plant growth regulator or plant hormone, is a substance that is applied to plants to stimulate or regulate their growth and development. These substances can either be naturally occurring plant hormones or synthetic compounds that mimic the effects of natural hormones.
There are several types of plant growth promoters, each with specific functions and effects on plants. Some common plant growth promoters include:
Auxins: Auxins are responsible for cell elongation and are involved in various processes such as root development, fruit ripening, and apical dominance.
Gibberellins: Gibberellins promote stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering. They are often used to promote rapid growth in crops.
Cytokinins: Cytokinins stimulate cell division and are involved in processes like shoot formation, delay of aging, and promotion of lateral bud growth.
Abscisic Acid: Abscisic acid is involved in regulating seed dormancy, stomatal closure, and stress responses in plants.
Ethylene: Ethylene is a gaseous hormone that regulates various aspects of plant growth and development, including fruit ripening and leaf abscission.
Plant growth promoters can be applied to plants in different forms, such as foliar sprays, root drenches, or seed treatments. They are used in agriculture and horticulture to enhance crop productivity, improve plant quality, induce flowering or fruiting, regulate plant height, and enhance stress tolerance.
It's important to note that the use of plant growth promoters should be done judiciously and in accordance with recommended guidelines to avoid negative effects on plants or the environment.